IAF -- I SAY AGAIN
IAF- (See INITIAL APPROACH FIX.)
IAP- (See INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
IAWP- Initial Approach Waypoint
ICAO- (See INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION.)
ICAO [ICAO]- (See ICAO Term INTERNATIONAL CIVIL
AVIATION ORGANIZATION.)
ICING- The accumulation of airframe ice.
Types of icing are:
a. Rime Ice- Rough, milky, opaque ice formed
by the instantaneous freezing of small supercooled
water droplets.
b. Clear Ice- A glossy, clear, or translucent
ice formed by the relatively slow freezing or
large supercooled water droplets.
c. Mixed- A mixture of clear ice and rime ice.
Intensity of icing:
a. Trace- Ice becomes perceptible. Rate of
accumulation is slightly greater than the
rate of sublimation. It is not hazardous even
though deicing\anti-icing equipment is not
utilized unless encountered for an extended
period of time (over 1 hour).
b. Light- The rate of accumulation may create
a problem if flight is prolonged in this environment
(over 1 hour). Occasional use of deicing\anti-icing
equipment removes\prevents accumulation. It
does not present a problem if the deicing\anti-icing
equipment is used.
c. Moderate- The rate of accumulation is such
that even short encounters become potentially
hazardous and use of deicing\anti-icing equipment
or flight diversion is necessary.
d. Severe- The rate of accumulation is such
that deicing\anti-icing equipment fails to
reduce or control the hazard. Immediate flight
diversion is necessary.
IDENT- A request for a pilot to activate the
aircraft transponder identification feature.
This will help the controller to confirm an
aircraft identity or to identify an aircraft.
(Refer to AIM.)
IDENT FEATURE- The special feature in the Air
Traffic Control Radar Beacon System (ATCRBS) equipment.
It is used to immediately distinguish one displayed
beacon target from other beacon targets.
(See IDENT.)
IF- (See INTERMEDIATE FIX.)
IFIM- (See INTERNATIONAL FLIGHT INFORMATION MANUAL.)
IF NO TRANSMISSION RECEIVED FOR (TIME)- Used by
ATC in radar approaches to prefix procedures which
should be followed by the pilot in event of lost
communications.
(See LOST COMMUNICATIONS.)
IFR- (See INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES.)
IFR AIRCRAFT- An aircraft conducting flight in
accordance with instrument flight rules.
IFR CONDITIONS- Weather conditions below the minimum
for flight under visual flight rules.
(See INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS.)
IFR DEPARTURE PROCEDURE- (See IFR TAKEOFF MINIMUMS
AND DEPARTURE PROCEDURES.)
(Refer to AIM.)
IFR FLIGHT- (See IFR AIRCRAFT.)
IFR LANDING MINIMUMS- (See LANDING MINIMUMS.)
IFR MILITARY TRAINING ROUTES (IR)- Routes used
by the Department of Defense and associated Reserve
and Air Guard units for the purpose of conducting
low-altitude navigation and tactical training
in both IFR and VFR weather conditions below 10,000
feet MSL at airspeeds in excess of 250 knots IAS.
IFR TAKEOFF MINIMUMS AND DEPARTURE PROCEDURES-
Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 91, prescribes
standard takeoff rules for certain civil users.
At some airports, obstructions or other factors
require the establishment of nonstandard takeoff
minimums, departure procedures, or both to assist
pilots in avoiding obstacles during climb to the
minimum en route altitude. Those airports are
listed in NOS/DOD Instrument Approach Charts (IAP's)
under a section entitled "IFR Takeoff Minimums
and Departure Procedures." The NOS/DOD IAP
chart legend illustrates the symbol used to alert
the pilot to nonstandard takeoff minimums and
departure procedures. When departing IFR from
such airports or from any airports where there
are no departure procedures, DP's, or ATC facilities
available, pilots should advise ATC of any departure
limitations. Controllers may query a pilot to
determine acceptable departure directions, turns,
or headings after takeoff. Pilots should be familiar
with the departure procedures and must assure
that their aircraft can meet or exceed any specified
climb gradients.
IF/IAWP- Intermediate Fix/Initial Approach Waypoint.
The waypoint where the final approach course of
a T approach meets the crossbar of the T. When
designated (in conjunction with a TAA) this waypoint
will be used as an IAWP when approaching the airport
from certain directions, and as an IFWP when beginning
the approach from another IAWP.
IFWP- Intermediate Fix Waypoint
ILS- (See INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM.)
ILS CATEGORIES-
1. ILS
Category I. An ILS approach procedure which
provides for approach to a height above touchdown
of not less than 200 feet and with runway visual
range of not less than 1,800 feet.-
2. ILS Category II. An ILS approach procedure
which provides for approach to a height above
touchdown of not less than 100 feet and with
runway visual range of not less than 1,200 feet.-
3. ILS
Category III:
a. IIIA.-An ILS approach procedure which provides
for approach without a decision height minimum
and with runway visual range of not less than
700 feet.
b. IIIB.-An ILS approach procedure which provides
for approach without a decision height minimum
and with runway visual range of not less than
150 feet.
c. IIIC.-An ILS approach procedure which provides
for approach without a decision height minimum
and without runway visual range minimum.
ILS PRM APPROACH- An instrument landing system
(ILS) approach conducted to parallel runways whose
extended centerlines are separated by less than
4,300 feet and the parallel runways have a Precision
Runway Monitoring (PRM) system that permits simultaneous
independent ILS approaches.
IM- (See INNER MARKER.)
IMC- (See INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS.)
IMMEDIATELY- Used by ATC when such action compliance
is required to avoid an imminent situation.
INCERFA Uncertainty Phase) [ICAO]- A situation
wherein uncertainty exists as to the safety of
an aircraft and its occupants.
INCREASE SPEED TO (SPEED)- (See SPEED ADJUSTMENT.)
INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM- An RNAV system which
is a form of self-contained navigation.
(See Area Navigation/RNAV.)
INFLIGHT REFUELING- (See AERIAL REFUELING.)
INFLIGHT WEATHER ADVISORY- (See WEATHER ADVISORY.)
INFORMATION REQUEST- A request originated by an
FSS for information concerning an overdue VFR
aircraft.
INITIAL APPROACH FIX- The fixes depicted on instrument
approach procedure charts that identify the beginning
of the initial approach segment(s).
(See FIX.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT- (See SEGMENTS OF AN
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT [ICAO]- That segment
of an instrument approach procedure between the
initial approach fix and the intermediate approach
fix or, where applicable, the final approach fix
or point.
INLAND NAVIGATION FACILITY- A navigation aid on
a North American Route at which the common route
and/or the noncommon route begins or ends.
INNER MARKER- A marker beacon used with an ILS
(CAT II) precision approach located between the
middle marker and the end of the ILS runway, transmitting
a radiation pattern keyed at six dots per second
and indicating to the pilot, both aurally and
visually, that he is at the designated decision
height (DH), normally 100 feet above the touchdown
zone elevation, on the ILS CAT II approach. It
also marks progress during a CAT III approach.
(See INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM.)
(Refer to AIM.)
INNER MARKER BEACON- (See INNER MARKER.)
INREQ- (See INFORMATION REQUEST.)
INS- (See INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM.)
INSTRUMENT APPROACH- (See INSTRUMENT APPROACH
PROCEDURE.)
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE- A series of predetermined
maneuvers for the orderly transfer of an aircraft
under instrument flight conditions from the beginning
of the initial approach to a landing or to a point
from which a landing may be made visually. It
is prescribed and approved for a specific airport
by competent authority.
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
(Refer to FAR Part 91.)
(See AIM.)
a. U.S. civil standard instrument approach procedures
are approved by the FAA as prescribed under
Part 97 and are available for public use.
b. U.S. military standard instrument approach
procedures are approved and published by the
Department of Defense.
c. Special instrument approach procedures are
approved by the FAA for individual operators
but are not published in Part 97 for public
use.
(See ICAO term INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE [ICAO]- A series
of predetermined maneuvers by reference to flight
instruments with specified protection from obstacles
from the initial approach fix, or where applicable,
from the beginning of a defined arrival route
to a point from which a landing can be completed
and thereafter, if a landing is not completed,
to a position at which holding or en route obstacle
clearance criteria apply.
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURES CHARTS-
(See AERONAUTICAL CHART.)
INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE PROCEDURE (DP)- A preplanned
instrument flight rule (IFR) air traffic control
departure procedure printed for pilot use in graphic
and/or textual form. DP's provide transition from
the terminal to the appropriate en route structure.
(See IFR TAKEOFF MINIMUMS AND DEPARTURE PROCEDURES.)
(Refer to AIM.)
INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE PROCEDURE (DP) CHARTS-
(See AERONAUTICAL CHART.)
INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES- Rules governing the procedures
for conducting instrument flight. Also a term
used by pilots and controllers to indicate type
of flight plan.
(See VISUAL FLIGHT RULES.)
(See INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS.)
(See VISUAL METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS.)
(Refer to AIM.)
(See ICAO term INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES.)
INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES [ICAO]- A set of rules
governing the conduct of flight under instrument
meteorological conditions.
INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM- A precision instrument
approach system which normally consists of the
following electronic components and visual aids:
a. Localizer.
(See LOCALIZER.)
b. Glideslope.
(See GLIDESLOPE.)
c. Outer Marker.
(See OUTER MARKER.)
d. Middle Marker.
(See MIDDLE MARKER.)
e. Approach Lights.
(See AIRPORT LIGHTING.)
(Refer to FAR Part 91.)
(See AIM.)
INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS- Meteorological
conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance
from cloud, and ceiling less than the minima specified
for visual meteorological conditions.
(See VISUAL METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS.)
(See INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES.)
(See VISUAL FLIGHT RULES.)
INSTRUMENT RUNWAY- A runway equipped with electronic
and visual navigation aids for which a precision
or nonprecision approach procedure having straight-in
landing minimums has been approved.
(See ICAO term INSTRUMENT RUNWAY.)
INSTRUMENT RUNWAY [ICAO]- One of the following
types of runways intended for the operation of
aircraft using instrument approach procedures:
a. Nonprecision Approach Runway-An instrument
runway served by visual aids and a nonvisual
aid providing at least directional guidance
adequate for a straight-in approach.
b. Precision Approach Runway, Category I-An
instrument runway served by ILS and visual aids
intended for operations down to 60 m (200 feet)
decision height and down to an RVR of the order
of 800 m.
c. Precision Approach Runway, Category II-An
instrument runway served by ILS and visual aids
intended for operations down to 30 m (100 feet)
decision height and down to an RVR of the order
of 400 m.
d. Precision Approach Runway, Category III-An
instrument runway served by ILS to and along
the surface of the runway and:
1. Intended for operations down to an RVR
of the order of 200 m (no decision height
being applicable) using visual aids during
the final phase of landing;
2. Intended for operations down to an RVR
of the order of 50 m (no decision height being
applicable) using visual aids for taxiing;
3. Intended for operations without reliance
on visual reference for landing or taxiing.
Note 1: See Annex 10 Volume I, Part I, Chapter
3, for related ILS specifications.
Note 2: Visual aids need not necessarily
be matched to the scale of nonvisual aids
provided. The criterion for the selection
of visual aids is the conditions in which
operations are intended to be conducted.
INTEGRITY- The ability of a system to provide
timely warnings to users when the system should
not be used for navigation.
INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT-
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT [ICAO]- That segment
of an instrument approach procedure between either
the intermediate approach fix and the final approach
fix or point, or between the end of a reversal,
race track or dead reckoning track procedure and
the final approach fix or point, as appropriate.
INTERMEDIATE FIX- The fix that identifies the
beginning of the intermediate approach segment
of an instrument approach procedure. The fix is
not normally identified on the instrument approach
chart as an intermediate fix (IF).
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
INTERMEDIATE LANDING- On the rare occasion that
this option is requested, it should be approved.
The departure center, however, must advise the
ATCSCC so that the appropriate delay is carried
over and assigned at the intermediate airport.
An intermediate landing airport within the arrival
center will not be accepted without coordination
with and the approval of the ATCSCC.
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT- Relating to international
flight, it means:
a. An airport of entry which has been designated
by the Secretary of Treasury or Commissioner
of Customs as an international airport for customs
service.
b. A landing rights airport at which specific
permission to land must be obtained from customs
authorities in advance of contemplated use.
c. Airports designated under the Convention
on International Civil Aviation as an airport
for use by international commercial air transport
and/or international general aviation.
(Refer to AIRPORT/FACILITY DIRECTORY.)
(Refer to IFIM.)
(See ICAO term INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT.)
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT [ICAO]- Any airport designated
by the Contracting State in whose territory it
is situated as an airport of entry and departure
for international air traffic, where the formalities
incident to customs, immigration, public health,
animal and plant quarantine and similar procedures
are carried out.
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION [ICAO]-
A specialized agency of the United Nations whose
objective is to develop the principles and techniques
of international air navigation and to foster
planning and development of international civil
air transport.
a. Regions include:
1. African-Indian Ocean Region
2. Caribbean Region
3. European Region
4. Middle East/Asia Region
5. North American Region
6. North Atlantic Region
7. Pacific Region
8. South American Region
INTERNATIONAL FLIGHT INFORMATION MANUAL- A publication
designed primarily as a pilot's preflight planning
guide for flights into foreign airspace and for
flights returning to the U.S. from foreign locations.
INTERROGATOR- The ground-based surveillance radar
beacon transmitter-receiver, which normally scans
in synchronism with a primary radar, transmitting
discrete radio signals which repetitiously request
all transponders on the mode being used to reply.
The replies received are mixed with the primary
radar returns and displayed on the same plan position
indicator (radar scope). Also, applied to the
airborne element of the TACAN/DME system.
(See TRANSPONDER.)
(Refer to AIM.)
INTERSECTING RUNWAYS- Two or more runways which
cross or meet within their lengths.
(See INTERSECTION.)
INTERSECTION-
a. A point defined by any combination of courses,
radials, or bearings of two or more navigational
aids.
b. Used to describe the point where two runways,
a runway and a taxiway, or two taxiways cross
or meet.
INTERSECTION DEPARTURE- A departure from any runway
intersection except the end of the runway.
(See INTERSECTION.)
INTERSECTION TAKEOFF- (See INTERSECTION DEPARTURE.)
IR- (See IFR MILITARY TRAINING ROUTES.)
I SAY AGAIN- The message will be repeated.
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