LAA -- LOW FREQUENCY
LAA- (See LOCAL AIRPORT ADVISORY.)
LAAS- (See LOW ALTITUDE ALERT SYSTEM.)
LAHSO- An acronym for "Land and Hold Short
Operation." These operations include landing
and holding short of an intersecting runway, a
taxiway, a predetermined point, or an approach/departure
flightpath.
LAHSO-DRY- Land and hold short operations on runways
that are dry.
LAHSO-WET- Land and hold short operations on runways
that are wet (but not contaminated).
LAND AND HOLD SHORT OPERATIONS- Operations which
include simultaneous takeoffs and landings and/or
simultaneous landings when a landing aircraft
is able and is instructed by the controller to
hold-short of the intersecting runway/taxiway
or designated hold-short point. Pilots are expected
to promptly inform the controller if the hold
short clearance cannot be accepted.
(See PARALLEL RUNWAYS.)
(Refer to AIM.)
LANDING AREA- Any locality either on land, water,
or structures, including airports/heliports and
intermediate landing fields, which is used, or
intended to be used, for the landing and takeoff
of aircraft whether or not facilities are provided
for the shelter, servicing, or for receiving or
discharging passengers or cargo.
(See ICAO term LANDING AREA.)
LANDING AREA [ICAO]- That part of a movement area
intended for the landing or takeoff of aircraft.
LANDING DIRECTION INDICATOR- A device which visually
indicates the direction in which landings and
takeoffs should be made.
(See TETRAHEDRON.)
(Refer to AIM.)
LANDING DISTANCE AVAILABLE [ICAO]- The length
of runway which is declared available and suitable
for the ground run of an aeroplane landing.
LANDING MINIMUMS- The minimum visibility prescribed
for landing a civil aircraft while using an instrument
approach procedure. The minimum applies with other
limitations set forth in FAR Part 91 with respect
to the Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) or Decision
Height (DH) prescribed in the instrument approach
procedures as follows:
a. Straight-in landing minimums. A statement
of MDA and visibility, or DH and visibility,
required for a straight - in landing on a specified
runway, or
b. Circling minimums. A statement of MDA and
visibility required for the circle-to-land maneuver.
Note: Descent below the established MDA or
DH is not authorized during an approach unless
the aircraft is in a position from which a
normal approach to the runway of intended
landing can be made and adequate visual reference
to required visual cues is maintained.
(See STRAIGHT-IN LANDING.)
(See CIRCLE-TO-LAND MANEUVER.)
(See DECISION HEIGHT.)
(See MINIMUM DESCENT ALTITUDE.)
(See VISIBILITY.)
(See INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
(Refer to FAR Part 91.)
LANDING ROLL- The distance from the point of touchdown
to the point where the aircraft can be brought
to a stop or exit the runway.
LANDING SEQUENCE- The order in which aircraft
are positioned for landing.
(See APPROACH SEQUENCE.)
LAST ASSIGNED ALTITUDE- The last altitude/flight
level assigned by ATC and acknowledged by the
pilot.
(See MAINTAIN.)
(Refer to FAR Part 91.)
LATERAL SEPARATION- The lateral spacing of aircraft
at the same altitude by requiring operation on
different routes or in different geographical
locations.
(See SEPARATION.)
LDA- (See LOCALIZER TYPE DIRECTIONAL AID.)
LDA [ICAO]- (See ICAO Term LANDING DISTANCE AVAILABLE.)
LF- (See LOW FREQUENCY.)
LIGHTED AIRPORT- An airport where runway and obstruction
lighting is available.
(See AIRPORT LIGHTING.)
(Refer to AIM.)
LIGHT GUN- A handheld directional light signaling
device which emits a brilliant narrow beam of
white, green, or red light as selected by the
tower controller. The color and type of light
transmitted can be used to approve or disapprove
anticipated pilot actions where radio communication
is not available. The light gun is used for controlling
traffic operating in the vicinity of the airport
and on the airport movement area.
(Refer to AIM.)
LOCALIZER- The component of an ILS which provides
course guidance to the runway.
(See INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM.)
(Refer to AIM.)
(See ICAO term LOCALIZER COURSE.)
LOCALIZER COURSE [ICAO]- The locus of points,
in any given horizontal plane, at which the DDM
(difference in depth of modulation) is zero.
LOCALIZER OFFSET- An angular offset of the localizer
from the runway extended centerline in a direction
away from the no transgression zone (NTZ) that
increases the normal operating zone (NOZ) width.
An offset requires a 50 foot increase in DH and
is not authorized for CAT II and CAT III approaches.
LOCALIZER TYPE DIRECTIONAL AID- A NAVAID used
for nonprecision instrument approaches with utility
and accuracy comparable to a localizer but which
is not a part of a complete ILS and is not aligned
with the runway.
(Refer to AIM.)
LOCALIZER USABLE DISTANCE- The maximum distance
from the localizer transmitter at a specified
altitude, as verified by flight inspection, at
which reliable course information is continuously
received.
(Refer to AIM.)
LOCAL AIRPORT ADVISORY [LAA]- A service provided
by flight service stations or the military at
airports not serviced by an operating control
tower. This service consists of providing information
to arriving and departing aircraft concerning
wind direction and speed, favored runway, altimeter
setting, pertinent known traffic, pertinent known
field conditions, airport taxi routes and traffic
patterns, and authorized instrument approach procedures.
This information is advisory in nature and does
not constitute an ATC clearance.
(See AIRPORT ADVISORY AREA.)
LOCAL TRAFFIC- Aircraft operating in the traffic
pattern or within sight of the tower, or aircraft
known to be departing or arriving from flight
in local practice areas, or aircraft executing
practice instrument approaches at the airport.
(See TRAFFIC PATTERN.)
LOCATOR [ICAO]- An LM/MF NDB used as an aid to
final approach.
Note: A locator usually has an average radius
of rated coverage of between 18.5 and 46.3 km
(10 and 25 NM).
LONGITUDINAL SEPARATION- The longitudinal spacing
of aircraft at the same altitude by a minimum
distance expressed in units of time or miles.
(See SEPARATION.)
(Refer to AIM.)
LONG RANGE NAVIGATION- (See LORAN.)
LORAN- An electronic navigational system by which
hyperbolic lines of position are determined by
measuring the difference in the time of reception
of synchronized pulse signals from two fixed transmitters.
Loran A operates in the 1750-1950 kHz frequency
band. Loran C and D operate in the 100-110 kHz
frequency band.
(Refer to AIM.)
LOST COMMUNICATIONS- Loss of the ability to communicate
by radio. Aircraft are sometimes referred to as
NORDO (No Radio). Standard pilot procedures are
specified in Part 91. Radar controllers issue
procedures for pilots to follow in the event of
lost communications during a radar approach when
weather reports indicate that an aircraft will
likely encounter IFR weather conditions during
the approach.
(Refer to FAR Part 91.)
(Refer AIM.)
LOW ALTITUDE AIRWAY STRUCTURE- The network of
airways serving aircraft operations up to but
not including 18,000 feet MSL.
(See AIRWAY.)
(Refer to AIM.)
LOW ALTITUDE ALERT, CHECK YOUR ALTITUDE IMMEDIATELY-
(See SAFETY ALERT.)
LOW ALTITUDE ALERT SYSTEM- An automated function
of the TPX-42 that alerts the controller when
a Mode C transponder - equipped aircraft on an
IFR flight plan is below a predetermined minimum
safe altitude. If requested by the pilot, LAAS
monitoring is also available to VFR Mode C transponder
- equipped aircraft.
LOW APPROACH- An approach over an airport or runway
following an instrument approach or a VFR approach
including the go-around maneuver where the pilot
intentionally does not make contact with the runway.
(Refer to AIM.)
LOW FREQUENCY- The frequency band between 30 and
300 kHz.
(Refer to AIM.)
|