P TIME -- PUBLISHED ROUTE
P TIME- (See PROPOSED DEPARTURE TIME.)
PAN-PAN- The international radio-telephony urgency
signal. When repeated three times, indicates uncertainty
or alert followed by the nature of the urgency.
(See MAYDAY.)
(Refer to AIM.)
PAR-(See PRECISION APPROACH RADAR.)
PAR [ICAO]-(See ICAO Term PRECISION APPROACH RADAR.)
PARALLEL ILS APPROACHES- Approaches to parallel
runways by IFR aircraft which, when established
inbound toward the airport on the adjacent final
approach courses, are radar-separated by at least
2 miles.
(See FINAL APPROACH COURSE.)
(See SIMULTANEOUS ILS APPROACHES.)
PARALLEL MLS APPROACHES- (See PARALLEL ILS APPROACHES.)
PARALLEL OFFSET ROUTE- A parallel track to the
left or right of the designated or established
airway/route. Normally associated with Area Navigation
(RNAV) operations.
(See AREA NAVIGATION.)
PARALLEL RUNWAYS- Two or more runways at the same
airport whose centerlines are parallel. In addition
to runway number, parallel runways are designated
as L (left) and R (right) or, if three parallel
runways exist, L (left), C (center), and R (right).
PATWAS- (See PILOTS AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE WEATHER
ANSWERING SERVICE.)
PBCT- (See PROPOSED BOUNDARY CROSSING TIME.)
PERMANENT ECHO- Radar signals reflected from fixed
objects on the earth's surface; e.g., buildings,
towers, terrain. Permanent echoes are distinguished
from "ground clutter" by being definable
locations rather than large areas. Under certain
conditions they may be used to check radar alignment.
PHOTO RECONNAISSANCE- Military activity that requires
locating individual photo targets and navigating
to the targets at a preplanned angle and altitude.
The activity normally requires a lateral route
width of 16 NM and altitude range of 1,500 feet
to 10,000 feet AGL.
PIDP- (See PROGRAMMABLE INDICATOR DATA PROCESSOR.)
PILOT BRIEFING- A service provided by the FSS
to assist pilots in flight planning. Briefing
items may include weather information, NOTAMS,
military activities, flow control information,
and other items as requested.
(Refer to AIM.)
PILOT IN COMMAND- The pilot responsible for the
operation and safety of an aircraft during flight
time.
(Refer to FAR Part 91.)
PILOTS AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE WEATHER ANSWERING SERVICE-
A continuous telephone recording containing current
and forecast weather information for pilots. (See
FLIGHT SERVICE STATION.)
(Refer to AIM.)
PILOT'S DISCRETION- When used in conjunction with
altitude assignments, means that ATC has offered
the pilot the option of starting climb or descent
whenever he wishes and conducting the climb or
descent at any rate he wishes. He may temporarily
level off at any intermediate altitude. However,
once he has vacated an altitude, he may not return
to that altitude.
PILOT WEATHER REPORT- A report of meteorological
phenomena encountered by aircraft in flight.
(Refer to AIM.)
PIREP- (See PILOT WEATHER REPORT.)
POINT OUT- (See RADAR POINT OUT.)
POLAR TRACK STRUCTURE- A system of organized routes
between Iceland and Alaska which overlie Canadian
MNPS Airspace.
POSITION REPORT- A report over a known location
as transmitted by an aircraft to ATC.
(Refer to AIM.)
POSITION SYMBOL- A computer-generated indication
shown on a radar display to indicate the mode
of tracking.
POSITIVE CONTROL- The separation of all air traffic
within designated airspace by air traffic control.
PRACTICE INSTRUMENT APPROACH- An instrument approach
procedure conducted by a VFR or an IFR aircraft
for the purpose of pilot training or proficiency
demonstrations.
PREARRANGED COORDINATION- A standardized procedure
which permits an air traffic controller to enter
the airspace assigned to another air traffic controller
without verbal coordination. The procedures are
defined in a facility directive which ensures
standard separation between aircraft.
PRECIPITATION- Any or all forms of water particles
(rain, sleet, hail, or snow) that fall from the
atmosphere and reach the surface.
PRECISION APPROACH- (See PRECISION APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
PRECISION APPROACH PROCEDURE- A standard instrument
approach procedure in which an electronic glideslope/glidepath
is provided; e.g., ILS/MLS and PAR.
(See INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM.)
(See MICROWAVE LANDING SYSTEM.)
(See PRECISION APPROACH RADAR.)
PRECISION APPROACH RADAR- Radar equipment in some
ATC facilities operated by the FAA and/or the
military services at joint-use civil/military
locations and separate military installations
to detect and display azimuth, elevation, and
range of aircraft on the final approach course
to a runway. This equipment may be used to monitor
certain nonradar approaches, but is primarily
used to conduct a precision instrument approach
(PAR) wherein the controller issues guidance instructions
to the pilot based on the aircraft's position
in relation to the final approach course (azimuth),
the glidepath (elevation), and the distance (range)
from the touchdown point on the runway as displayed
on the radar scope.
(Note: The abbreviation "PAR" is also
used to denote preferential arrival routes in
ARTCC computers).
(See GLIDEPATH.)
(See PAR.)
(See PREFERENTIAL ROUTES.)
(See ICAO term PRECISION APPROACH RADAR.)
(Refer to AIM.)
PRECISION APPROACH RADAR [ICAO]- Primary radar
equipment used to determine the position of an
aircraft during final approach, in terms of lateral
and vertical deviations relative to a nominal
approach path, and in range relative to touchdown.
Note: Precision approach radars are designed
to enable pilots of aircraft to be given guidance
by radio communication during the final stages
of the approach to land.
PRECISION RUNWAY MONITOR (PRM)- Provides air traffic
controllers with high precision secondary surveillance
data for aircraft on final approach to parallel
runways that have extended centerlines separated
by less than 4,300 feet. High resolution color
monitoring displays (FMA) are required to present
surveillance track data to controllers along with
detailed maps depicting approaches and no transgression
zone.
PREFERENTIAL ROUTES- Preferential routes (PDR's,
PAR's, and PDAR's) are adapted in ARTCC computers
to accomplish inter/intrafacility controller coordination
and to assure that flight data is posted at the
proper control positions. Locations having a need
for these specific inbound and outbound routes
normally publish such routes in local facility
bulletins, and their use by pilots minimizes flight
plan route amendments. When the workload or traffic
situation permits, controllers normally provide
radar vectors or assign requested routes to minimize
circuitous routing. Preferential routes are usually
confined to one ARTCC's area and are referred
to by the following names or acronyms:
a. Preferential Departure Route (PDR). A specific
departure route from an airport or terminal
area to an en route point where there is no
further need for flow control. It may be included
in an Instrument Departure Procedure (DP) or
a Preferred IFR Route.
b. Preferential Arrival Route (PAR). A specific
arrival route from an appropriate en route point
to an airport or terminal area. It may be included
in a Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) or a Preferred
IFR Route. The abbreviation "PAR"
is used primarily within the ARTCC and should
not be confused with the abbreviation for Precision
Approach Radar.
c. Preferential Departure and Arrival Route
(PDAR). A route between two terminals which
are within or immediately adjacent to one ARTCC's
area. PDAR's are not synonymous with Preferred
IFR Routes but may be listed as such as they
do accomplish essentially the same purpose.
(See PREFERRED IFR ROUTES.)
(See NAS STAGE A.)
PREFERRED IFR ROUTES- Routes established between
busier airports to increase system efficiency
and capacity. They normally extend through one
or more ARTCC areas and are designed to achieve
balanced traffic flows among high density terminals.
IFR clearances are issued on the basis of these
routes except when severe weather avoidance procedures
or other factors dictate otherwise. Preferred
IFR Routes are listed in the Airport/Facility
Directory. If a flight is planned to or from an
area having such routes but the departure or arrival
point is not listed in the Airport/Facility Directory,
pilots may use that part of a Preferred IFR Route
which is appropriate for the departure or arrival
point that is listed. Preferred IFR Routes are
correlated with DP's and STAR's and may be defined
by airways, jet routes, direct routes between
NAVAID's, Waypoints, NAVAID radials/DME, or any
combinations thereof.
(See INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE PROCEDURE.)
(See STANDARD TERMINAL ARRIVAL.)
(See PREFERENTIAL ROUTES.)
(See CENTER'S AREA.)
(Refer to AIRPORT/FACILITY DIRECTORY.)
(Refer to NOTICES TO AIRMEN PUBLICATION.)
PRE-FLIGHT PILOT BRIEFING- (See PILOT BRIEFING.)
PREVAILING VISIBILITY- (See VISIBILITY.)
PRM- (See ILS PRM APPROACH and PRECISION RUNWAY
MONITOR.)
PROCEDURE TURN- The maneuver prescribed when it
is necessary to reverse direction to establish
an aircraft on the intermediate approach segment
or final approach course. The outbound course,
direction of turn, distance within which the turn
must be completed, and minimum altitude are specified
in the procedure. However, unless otherwise restricted,
the point at which the turn may be commenced and
the type and rate of turn are left to the discretion
of the pilot.
(See ICAO term PROCEDURE TURN.)
PROCEDURE TURN [ICAO]- A manoeuvre in which a
turn is made away from a designated track followed
by a turn in the opposite direction to permit
the aircraft to intercept and proceed along the
reciprocal of the designated track.
Note 1: Procedure turns are designated "left"
or "right" according to the direction
of the initial turn.
Note 2: Procedure turns may be designated as
being made either in level flight or while descending,
according to the circumstances of each individual
approach procedure.
PROCEDURE TURN INBOUND- That point of a procedure
turn maneuver where course reversal has been completed
and an aircraft is established inbound on the
intermediate approach segment or final approach
course. A report of "procedure turn inbound"
is normally used by ATC as a position report for
separation purposes.
(See FINAL APPROACH COURSE.)
(See PROCEDURE TURN.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
PROFILE DESCENT- An uninterrupted descent (except
where level flight is required for speed adjustment;
e.g., 250 knots at 10,000 feet MSL) from cruising
altitude/level to interception of a glideslope
or to a minimum altitude specified for the initial
or intermediate approach segment of a nonprecision
instrument approach. The profile descent normally
terminates at the approach gate or where the glideslope
or other appropriate minimum altitude is intercepted.
PROGRAMMABLE INDICATOR DATA PROCESSOR- The PIDP
is a modification to the AN/TPX-42 interrogator
system currently installed in fixed RAPCON's.
The PIDP detects, tracks, and predicts secondary
radar aircraft targets. These are displayed by
means of computer-generated symbols and alphanumeric
characters depicting flight identification, aircraft
altitude, ground speed, and flight plan data.
Although primary radar targets are not tracked,
they are displayed coincident with the secondary
radar targets as well as with the other symbols
and alphanumerics. The system has the capability
of interfacing with ARTCC's.
PROGRESS REPORT- (See POSITION REPORT.)
PROGRESSIVE TAXI- Precise taxi instructions given
to a pilot unfamiliar with the airport or issued
in stages as the aircraft proceeds along the taxi
route.
PROHIBITED AREA- (See SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE.)
(See ICAO term PROHIBITED AREA.)
PROHIBITED AREA [ICAO]- An airspace of defined
dimensions, above the land areas or territorial
waters of a State, within which the flight of
aircraft is prohibited.
PROPOSED BOUNDARY CROSSING TIME- Each center has
a PBCT parameter for each internal airport. Proposed
internal flight plans are transmitted to the adjacent
center if the flight time along the proposed route
from the departure airport to the center boundary
is less than or equal to the value of PBCT or
if airport adaptation specifies transmission regardless
of PBCT.
PROPOSED DEPARTURE TIME- The time a scheduled
flight will depart the gate (scheduled operators)
or the actual runway off time for nonscheduled
operators. For EDCT purposes, the ATCSCC adjusts
the "P" time for scheduled operators
to reflect the runway off times.
PROTECTED AIRSPACE- The airspace on either side
of an oceanic route/track that is equal to one-half
the lateral separation minimum except where reduction
of protected airspace has been authorized.
PT- (See PROCEDURE TURN.)
PTS- (See POLAR TRACK STRUCTURE.)
PUBLISHED ROUTE- A route for which an IFR altitude
has been established and published; e.g., Federal
Airways, Jet Routes, Area Navigation Routes, Specified
Direct Routes.
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